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Advice on Learning English
If you are not a native speaker of English, improving your English is one of the smartest things you can do. There are many jobs around the world where English is not only useful, but essential........
If you live in a country where English is spoken widely, but is not the native language, then you will have an accent that is easily recognised by people in native-English countries. For example, if you live in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Singapore, Malaysia, Nigeria, etc., your accent may be mild or virtually incomprehensible to people in the UK, USA, Canada, etc. It is in your best interest to listen to native speakers of Western countries and try to imitate their accent.
American TV and radio stations often hire Canadians as news readers and announcers because the Canadian accent tends to be more flat and more easily understood by practically everyone. American accents tend to be regionally distinctive.
A Word on Accents
When imitating native English speakers, be wary of people who live in New Zealand (they mangle the vowels), Australia (their English is full of low-class Cockney slang "Fetch us a coldie, luv"), South Africa (Dutch-flavoured English), the southern USA (strong drawl), certain eastern states of the USA (North Carolina, Tennessee in particular have very strong drawls, sometimes incomprehensible to others), Newfoundland (very strong accent, different vocabulary).
A "drawl" is a way of speaking that drags out the word, changing the vowels. For example, "oil" becomes "ahl", "five" becomes "faaav", "nine" becomes "nan".
Here are some of the things I have noticed over the years, in various countries, about English accents:
America
One time, I travelled to Mexico from Canada by car, accompanied by a very nice, very beautiful French lady who spoke English with a charming French accent. We stopped in Dallas, Texas, and went into a department store. American department stores are typically very large and sell virtually everything.
My friend walked up to a cashier, and said, "Excuse me, do you sell bread here?"
The American cashier, looking confused, said, "I'm sorry, I didn't understand what you said."
The French lady did not understand the American's reply.
I had to speak the question in my Canadian accent, which the Texan understood, and tell the French lady the reply. They could both understand me, but neither could understand the other.
The French lady, of course, got very angry at this dumb American who could not understand the French lady's perfect English, but the fact of the matter was that her accent was incomprehensible to a lady accustomed to the long drawn-out cowboy style talk prevalent in that area of the USA. Nobody says "hello", for example, it's always "Hi y'all, how ya doin'?" And "goodbye" becomes "Bye now, y'all have a good day, now!"
England
Although England is the source of the English language, there is a surprising number of English people that speak incomprehensible English. There are more than a hundred regional accents, with, to my ear, Bristol being the worst. I once worked with a young man from Bristol and it was a most trying experience. His accent was so strong that I always had to ask him to repeat himself, more slowly.
I have hitched rides with lorry drivers and not understood even half of what they said. I met an old man on the Welsh border who had never been more than 5 miles from his village, but I sat with him for an hour before I began to understand his peculiar accent.
New Zealand
In New Zealand, the short vowels are switched: "fish" becomes "fesh", "chips" becomes "chups", "trip" becomes "trup"; "fish and chips" is spoken as "fesh and chups".
Scotland
To my ear, Scotland has the most interesting accent, I love listening to a Scot. I enjoy watching Scottish programs on TV. I lived there a short time when I was a teenager, and very much enjoyed the language.
In Canada, someone would say, "Are you going shopping today?" In Scotland, this would become "Are ye no goin' tae the shops today, lad?" and it's spoken in a musical tone.
However, having a Scot as an English teacher is probably a bad idea, unless she/he tones down the accent.
Tennessee
When driving from Toronto to New Orleans one year, I stopped at a gas station in Tennessee; the young man said "chuck yer ahl" and I had no idea he was saying "Check your oil?"
Australia
I lived in Australia for 8 years. When my wife and I rented an apartment in Brisbane, the agent said, "You'll find it convenient living here, it's right near the hile in roid."
I said "Near the what?"
She said, "The hile in roid."
We had no idea what she meant.
A few days later, we decided to go downtown on the bus; actually, Australian cities don't have a "downtown", they have a "CBD" - Central Business District.
We walked out of the apartment building and across the street to the bus stop. There was a bench seat and a metal pole with a metal flag at the top, with a picture of a bus and a man waving. The sign read "Hail and Ride". In other words, wave at the bus when it comes, or it won't stop. The agent's accent had rendered "Hail and Ride" as "hile in roid", incomprehensible to anyone who wasn't Australian.
Australia, being an isolated English colony, and initially populated by prisoners and their guards, has a vocabulary totally unlike UK and US English. There are hundreds of unique words, such as "chunder" (to vomit), "chook" (chicken), "Strine" (contraction of "Australian" language), "barbie" (BBQ or barbecue), "tinnie" (light metal boat), "seppos" (city dwellers, having septic tanks), "dunnie" (outdoor toilet), "prezzie" (present), "togs" (swimsuit, bathing suit), etc.
There is no "wood" in Australia, but there is lots of "timber" as in "timber dining table"; nobody has any "friends", everyone has "mates". There are no "elevators" but there are plenty of "lifts".
"Draw" and "drawer" are both pronounced "drore", which means you often see the wrong word used in advertisements, such as "bed with 3 draw bedside stand". "Sought" is pronounced "sort", so you will see many real estate advertisements for "sort after location".
Apostrophe's are of'ten used in the w'rong location's as mos't Australian's have no i'dea w'hat to do with th'em.
Some Aboriginal words have been incorporated into everyday Strine as well. For example, "woop woop" means "the middle of nowhere", as does "beyond the black stump". In Queensland state, "beer" is spelled "XXXX", and pronounced "four ex"; this is a popular brand of beer brewed in Brisbane.
Thailand
Thailand prides itself on never having been colonized by the major powers, although they were occupied by the Japanese during the second World War. This has the distinct disadvantage that their infrastructure is not up to world standards, the governments tend to be fragile, and their English is a bit strange.
Some commonly heard phrases:
"Same same but diffrin" - similar
"VDO" - video
"check bin" - restaurant check / bill
"You!" - hello
"Is wrong way!" (usually shouted by a tuk-tuk driver at you) - it's a long way
"flea sigh" - free size, one size fits everybody (unless you are not Thai)
"lie" - can be any of: right, rice, light, lie, like, lice, life, ripe, rhyme, line, ride, rite, rife, rise, wry, lime, rye; they are all pronounced "lie"
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If you live in a country where English is spoken widely, but is not the native language, then you will have an accent that is easily recognised by people in native-English countries. For example, if you live in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Singapore, Malaysia, Nigeria, etc., your accent may be mild or virtually incomprehensible to people in the UK, USA, Canada, etc. It is in your best interest to listen to native speakers of Western countries and try to imitate their accent. American TV and radio stations often hire Canadians as news readers and announcers because the Canadian accent tends to be more flat and more easily understood by practically everyone. American accents tend to be regionally distinctive. |
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A Word on AccentsWhen imitating native English speakers, be wary of people who live in New Zealand (they mangle the vowels), Australia (their English is full of low-class Cockney slang "Fetch us a coldie, luv"), South Africa (Dutch-flavoured English), the southern USA (strong drawl), certain eastern states of the USA (North Carolina, Tennessee in particular have very strong drawls, sometimes incomprehensible to others), Newfoundland (very strong accent, different vocabulary). A "drawl" is a way of speaking that drags out the word, changing the vowels. For example, "oil" becomes "ahl", "five" becomes "faaav", "nine" becomes "nan". Here are some of the things I have noticed over the years, in various countries, about English accents: |
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AmericaOne time, I travelled to Mexico from Canada by car, accompanied by a very nice, very beautiful French lady who spoke English with a charming French accent. We stopped in Dallas, Texas, and went into a department store. American department stores are typically very large and sell virtually everything. My friend walked up to a cashier, and said, "Excuse me, do you sell bread here?" The American cashier, looking confused, said, "I'm sorry, I didn't understand what you said." The French lady did not understand the American's reply. I had to speak the question in my Canadian accent, which the Texan understood, and tell the French lady the reply. They could both understand me, but neither could understand the other. The French lady, of course, got very angry at this dumb American who could not understand the French lady's perfect English, but the fact of the matter was that her accent was incomprehensible to a lady accustomed to the long drawn-out cowboy style talk prevalent in that area of the USA. Nobody says "hello", for example, it's always "Hi y'all, how ya doin'?" And "goodbye" becomes "Bye now, y'all have a good day, now!" EnglandAlthough England is the source of the English language, there is a surprising number of English people that speak incomprehensible English. There are more than a hundred regional accents, with, to my ear, Bristol being the worst. I once worked with a young man from Bristol and it was a most trying experience. His accent was so strong that I always had to ask him to repeat himself, more slowly. I have hitched rides with lorry drivers and not understood even half of what they said. I met an old man on the Welsh border who had never been more than 5 miles from his village, but I sat with him for an hour before I began to understand his peculiar accent. New ZealandIn New Zealand, the short vowels are switched: "fish" becomes "fesh", "chips" becomes "chups", "trip" becomes "trup"; "fish and chips" is spoken as "fesh and chups". ScotlandTo my ear, Scotland has the most interesting accent, I love listening to a Scot. I enjoy watching Scottish programs on TV. I lived there a short time when I was a teenager, and very much enjoyed the language. In Canada, someone would say, "Are you going shopping today?" In Scotland, this would become "Are ye no goin' tae the shops today, lad?" and it's spoken in a musical tone. However, having a Scot as an English teacher is probably a bad idea, unless she/he tones down the accent. TennesseeWhen driving from Toronto to New Orleans one year, I stopped at a gas station in Tennessee; the young man said "chuck yer ahl" and I had no idea he was saying "Check your oil?" AustraliaI lived in Australia for 8 years. When my wife and I rented an apartment in Brisbane, the agent said, "You'll find it convenient living here, it's right near the hile in roid." I said "Near the what?" She said, "The hile in roid." We had no idea what she meant. A few days later, we decided to go downtown on the bus; actually, Australian cities don't have a "downtown", they have a "CBD" - Central Business District. We walked out of the apartment building and across the street to the bus stop. There was a bench seat and a metal pole with a metal flag at the top, with a picture of a bus and a man waving. The sign read "Hail and Ride". In other words, wave at the bus when it comes, or it won't stop. The agent's accent had rendered "Hail and Ride" as "hile in roid", incomprehensible to anyone who wasn't Australian. Australia, being an isolated English colony, and initially populated by prisoners and their guards, has a vocabulary totally unlike UK and US English. There are hundreds of unique words, such as "chunder" (to vomit), "chook" (chicken), "Strine" (contraction of "Australian" language), "barbie" (BBQ or barbecue), "tinnie" (light metal boat), "seppos" (city dwellers, having septic tanks), "dunnie" (outdoor toilet), "prezzie" (present), "togs" (swimsuit, bathing suit), etc. There is no "wood" in Australia, but there is lots of "timber" as in "timber dining table"; nobody has any "friends", everyone has "mates". There are no "elevators" but there are plenty of "lifts". "Draw" and "drawer" are both pronounced "drore", which means you often see the wrong word used in advertisements, such as "bed with 3 draw bedside stand". "Sought" is pronounced "sort", so you will see many real estate advertisements for "sort after location". Apostrophe's are of'ten used in the w'rong location's as mos't Australian's have no i'dea w'hat to do with th'em. Some Aboriginal words have been incorporated into everyday Strine as well. For example, "woop woop" means "the middle of nowhere", as does "beyond the black stump". In Queensland state, "beer" is spelled "XXXX", and pronounced "four ex"; this is a popular brand of beer brewed in Brisbane. ThailandThailand prides itself on never having been colonized by the major powers, although they were occupied by the Japanese during the second World War. This has the distinct disadvantage that their infrastructure is not up to world standards, the governments tend to be fragile, and their English is a bit strange. Some commonly heard phrases: "Same same but diffrin" - similar |
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What speakers do
In some ways speaking is the most difficult language skill. Every time you speak you have to do many different things but you have very little time to do them. Imagine, for example, that the teacher has asked you a question in class. Here is a list of the things you have to do when giving an answer.
You have to:
* understand the question
* think what answer you want to give
* find the words that you need
* make sure the grammar you use is correct
* try to get your pronunciation and intonation right.
To make things more difficult, you have to do all this with everyone else in the class looking at you and listening to you! It’s no surprise that some ESL students don’t talk at all for a while when they first come to school.
Practising speaking
Speaking is a skill like learning to swim. The more you practise, the better you will become, until finally you can do it without needing to think much about it. Here are some ways that you can get as much speaking practice as possible:
* ask and answer questions in class
* try to answer all the teacher’s questions silently in your head
* if you work in a group with native speakers, don’t let them do all the talking
* ask to sit next to a student who is not from your country
* try to make some friends who don’t have the same language
* join a lunchtime club or do an after-school activity
* talk English with your German neighbours
* talk to your parents in English; e.g. to summarise a story or science experiment
* talk to your teachers after class and at lunchtime or after school
Practising pronunciation and intonation
If you have problems with your English pronunciation or intonation, you could practise these too. For example, you could listen to stories or watch videos with people talking to each other, and try to repeat the phrases and sentences they say.
You could try out these pronunciation practice sites.
More information to help you become a better speaker
Here is a list of more things to think about or strategies to try in order to improve your speaking skills:
* Do not worry about making mistakes! Everyone who speaks makes mistakes. Even native speakers make mistakes when they talk, because speaking is such a complicated skill (see above). It doesn’t matter if your spoken English is not perfect. What is important is that you can communicate what you want to say.
* Keep talking! If you don’t know a word, use gestures or mime. Or try and explain what you want to say using other words. Or draw a picture. Ask the person you are speaking to to help you. If you are not sure whether your grammar is right, it doesn't matter. Keep talking!
* Learn some useful phrases that you know you will often need to use; and use them! If you do this, you will have more time to think about the rest of what you want to say.
Knowing some common expressions will also help you to take more part in conversations. Most students will not wait patiently in the middle of an interesting discussion while you plan exactly what you want to say. But, if you are ready with an expressions like: Well, in my opinion .. or Do you know what I think?, they will at least stop and wait for you to continue. (Just don't keep them waiting too long, and remember again: It's ok to make mistakes!)
* Prepare answers at home. Often teachers ask students to talk about their homework. For example, you may have to say how you solved a math problem; or you may be asked to give your opinion about a story you read. If you think about the likely questions at home - you could even say the answers to your parents -, you will be ready to raise your hand in class.
* If you know you will have to talk to someone about something, then plan what you are going to say. For example, maybe you know you will have to tell your teacher why you were absent from school, or you want to explain to the nurse why you can’t do PE. Look up the words you know you will need, and maybe even write out the exact sentences you want to say. Practise saying it at home, or with another student or your ESL teacher.
* If you talk to people, they will talk back to you. Usually, they will simplify their speech so that you can understand better. This gives you good listening practice, too.
* Try to think in English! Don’t think in your own language and then translate it.
It's undeniable that English language is an integral part in every society nowadays. We can't say that without English, we still exist. I actually think that English has become very vital in every country. It's a means for each country to communicate with each other.
As the writer said, there are many different accents of English language. If we have a chance, we should try to experience different ones to have a right attitude towards language. What we learn from school is actually different from what we learn from firsthand experience!
As a non-native speakers, I think that we don't need to imitate native speakers' accent, except we have an endowed one. Just be yourself!
After trying to read the whole article with a great attempt to guess the missing words, I feel very lucky to be a Vietnamese. Because among English speakers of Asian countries, Vietnamese are considered as easy-to-understand speakers. Maybe because our alphabet belongs to Latin system so our accent is easier to understand than other accent of other Asian speakers.
I also agree with the author that although English is an international language, it has a lot of versions around the world. People tend to mix English with their mother tongue to form a new version of English. So it must be difficult for non-native speakers to understand those versions and they will have to spend a short time getting used to the language because a new version is not only about the accent but also about the vocabulary and slang.
In fact,i do feel a bit worried about the variation of many English versions.I once heard my friends compaint about singapore's terrible English and laughed when my teach told us that Japanese pronounce Radio as Ladio in "Listen to the Ladio" hahaha! However, difference accents,dialects even in America regons is somehow fearful to me.What if I come over there and hear nothing of what they say!
I prefer American accents since it is rather standadized and popular.Mispronoucing like the example of Thailand should be edited since there is no point learning and then resulting in mispronoucing like that.
Although English is an international language, every country, every region speak English with the specific accents which make people who don't live there hardly understand. So,if we are not a native speaker of English, improving your English is one of the smartest things you can do.
I remember a comedy that my tacher told us in ELT period, that is a story about the way a Vietnames speaking English, his job is a driver. Once he was asked the price by two foreigners, he said that:"one you one dollar, two you two dollar". It is very amazing,this statement is not follow any rules, on the other hands it is incorrect. But we still can understand despite our surprise.
The accent in the different area is different, so in order to improve the communication skill we should be a bit flexible. It is very important to learn culture of the countries which speaking English.
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Now, no joking. I agrees with this article that in our modern life, not only in America, Australia, Thailand, but in Vietnam now, English is now controlling in almost any fields. Today, if a doctor who can't read the main titles in Times or can't understand documents written in English, he is really out-of-date. Can you imagine that an unknown cyclo driver in district 1 speaks English as perfectly and fluently as an American does? Do you believe that kids in VATC English clubs or ILA English clubs play and chit-chat with others by English? How can we, the future teacher, yield to them?
I didn't have much chance to meet many foreign people like the author, yet, I also want add more stories of my own in this comment. When I was in VATC, once I was taught by a Chinese(more precisely, Hong Kong) woman. Although she acquired Proficiency Certificate at the age 12, her accent still is Asian, not American, honestly. Once, an English teacher, Mr.David, came to our class to teach as a probationer. After this period, our teacher at that time, Mr.Neil(an American from New York) asked us whether we could understand 100% what that London man talked or not, since he himself sometimes can't understand what he says. There are many stories like that about the differences in English, a multi-spoken language.
In my opinion, this article is not only good for ELT but also for IC. Knowing these basic differences, I believe that I'll have experience to deal with any foreign people who speak English. Thanks so much.